HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Same to same, No. 83, February 1, 1893. Same to same, No. 84, February 1, 1893. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Foster, telegram, February 8, 1893. Same to same, No. 85, February 8, 1893. Mr. Foster to Mr. Stevens, telegram, February 14, 1893. Same to same, telegram, February 15, 1893. Same to same, No. 72, February 16, 1893. Same to same, No. 73, February 16, 1893. Mr. Wharton to Mr. Stevens, No. 74, February 17, 1893. Mr. Foster to Mr. Stevens, telegram, February 22, 1893. Mr. Wharton to Mr. Stevens, No. 75, February 23, 1893. Same to same, No. 76, February 24, 1893. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Foster, No. 86, February 27, 1893. Same to same, No. 87, February 27, 1893. Same to same, telegram, March 1, 1893. Same to same, No. 88, March 1, 1893. Mr. Wharton to Mr. Stevens, No. 77, March 2, 1893. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Gresham, No. 89, March 7, 1893. Same to same, No. 90, March 7, 1893. Same to same, No. 91, March 7, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Stevens, No. 79, March 10, 1893. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Gresham, No. 92, March 15, 1893. Same to same, No. 93, March 24, 1893. Same to same, No. 94, April 4, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Stevens, No. 81, April 18, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Stevens, telegram, April 25, 1893. Mr. Adee to Mr. Stevens, No. 82, April 27, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Stevens, No. 83, May 4, 1893. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Gresham, No. 96, May 18, 1893. Mr. Blount to Mr. Gresham, No. 1, May 24, 1893. Same to same, No. 2, May 24, 1893. Same to same, No. 3, May 29, 1893. Same to same, No. 4, June 1, 1893. Same to same, No. 5, June 1, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Blount, No. 5, June 23, 1893. Mr. Willis to Mr. Gresham, No. 1, November 6, 1893. Same to same, telegram, November 6, 1893. Same to same, telegram, November 11, 1893. Same to same, No. 2, November 11, 1893. Same to same, telegram, November 16, 1893. Same to same, No. 4, November 16, 1893. Same to same, No. 5, November 18, 1893. Mr. Gresham to Mr. Willis, telegram, November 24, 1893. Same to same, telegram, December 3, 1893. Mr. Willis to Mr. Gresham, telegram, December 4, 1893. Mr. Thurston to Mr. Gresham, December 5 1893. ___________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 239.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, May 1, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that Her Royal Highness Princess Kaiulani, aged about 14 years, daughter of the late Princess Likelike and Hon. A. S. Cleghorn, will leave here on the 10th instant, going direct to England via San Francisco and New York. The princess will travel in company with Mrs. T. R. Walker, the wife of the British vice=consul at Honolulu, and intends remaining in England, under the charge of Mrs. Walker, about one year, when Mr. Cleghorn, as he informs me, will visit Europe and return with the 271 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. princess, visiting the principal cities in America, when they hope to be able to avail themselves of an opportunity to pay their respects to the President of the United States. His Majesty the King contemplates visiting Paris, and intended leaving here at the same time as Princess Kaiulani, but I am informed he has determined to delay his departure until some time next month. During the absence of His Majesty, Her Royal Highness Princess Liliuokalani, heir apparent to the throne, and sister of the King, will be named as regent. As to the route through and the time to be spent in the United States, the King has not determined. I have, etc., GEO. W. MERRILL. ___________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 241.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, May 8, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that the U. S. S. Alert departed for Apia on the 18th ultimo. The only national vessel now in the harbor is Her British Majesty's ship Cormorant, and evidently it is the intention of the British Government to retain a naval vessel in Hawaiian waters indefinitely. Owing to the large American interests in Hawaii, and in the absence of cable communication, the comparatively isolated condition of the islands, and in view of an approaching political campaign, in which, no doubt, much animosity will be engendered, it is hoped it will be deemed advisable to so arrange that a United States ship will be able to remain the waters of Hawaii. While it is hoped that no occasion will offer for the employment of a naval force, yet I am convince that the presence of passive power often prevents the maturing of turbulent schemes. I have, etc., GEORGE W. MERRILL. ________ Mr. Blaine to Mr. Merrill. No. 127.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, May 27, 1889. SIR: I have received your No. 241 of the 8th instant, representing the circumstances under which you regard it advisable for a United States ship of war to remain for the present in Hawaiian waters. A copy of your dispatch has been submitted for the consideration of the Secretary of the Navy. I am, etc., JAMES G. BLAINE. 272 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Mr. Blaine to Mr. Merrill. No. 128.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE. Washington, May 31, 1889. SIR: Adverting to my No. 127 of the 27th instant, I have now to apprise you of the receipt of a letter from the Secretary of the Navy of that date saying that the Adams, now fitting for service at the Mare Island navy-yard, was ordered some days since to proceed to Honolulu as soon as ready for sea. I am, etc., JAMES G. BLAINE. _________ Mr. Blaine to Mr. Merrill. No. 131.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, June 20, 1889. SIR: Your dispatches numbered 239 to 242, inclusive, have been received. I am, sir, etc., JAMES G. BLAINE. ___________ Mr. Blaine to Mr. Merrill. No. 132.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, June 27, 1889. Transmits Mr. Merrill's letter of recall as minister. __________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 249.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, July 9, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that the anniversary of the Independence of the United States was celebrated here with much enthusiasm, and the 4th instant was observed as a general holiday by both native and foreign residents. The Government offices and the business houses in the city were generally closed. A reception was held at the legation and was largely attended by all nationalities. I inclose clippings from each of the daily papers, Advertiser and Bulletin, giving accounts of the proceedings of the day. I have, etc., ED. W. MERRILL. ______ [Inclosure 1 in No. 249-Daily Advertiser.] Fourth of July-How the glorious day was celebrated=Salutes, music, regatta, literary exercises, field sports, rifle practice, ball, etc. The greater part of the evening and night of the 3d of July resounded in firing of pistols and guns and the letting off of fireworks of different kinds, and the morning of the Fourth was heralded by similar demonstrations, and a salute of thirteen guns 273 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. from the shore battery. At an early hour the population was astir, and holiday attire was the rule among those who could afford it. The rowing and yacht regattas were the first sports on the programme, and the wharves at 7:45 were crowded with people. At 8 a. m. the tugboat Eleu left her wharf with the committee, to which had been committed the management of the regatta, and proceeded out to the harbor entrance. Soon afterwards the six-oared gig race began by two boats starting simultaneously from the starting line and maintaining a close contest for several hundred yards. Finally the Alice M. forged ahead of the Liliuokalani and maintained the lead until the finish, when the Alice M. won by about twenty boat lengths. Time of the boats: Alice M., 25 minutes; Liliuokalani, 25 minutes, 25 seconds. The next was a six-oared gig race in which four boats started- the three war vessels, Alert, Espiegle, and Pilcomayo, having one boat each; and there was also a boat the Kapiolani, manned by a native crew. The Hawaiian boat led from the start, and gradually increased its lead until the finish, when it entered the starting line about 200 yards ahead of the American boat, which was second. Until the home stretch was more than half done there was a close contest between the American and English boats. But finally the Englishmen fell astern, manfully pulling to keep up, but the Americans steadily forged ahead. The Chilian boat was far astern. In going out of the harbor the Chilian boat fouled the American boat, which had commenced to gain on the Englishman, and between the two latter the race was well contested throughout. To and around the bell buoy, and up to the light-house on the home stretch, the American boat gradually forged ahead of the Englishman and came in second, the Hawaiian boat winning the race. Following is the time taken by each boat: Kapiolani, the native boat, 29 minutes 10 seconds; Alert, the American boat, 31 minutes; Puaala, the English boat, 31 minutes 55 seconds; Pilcomayo, the Chilian boat, 33 minutes 30 seconds. The yacht race began at 9:35 a. m., when a beautiful flying start was made. Five yachts, over five tons register, went off almost together, and spinnakers were set during the run out of the harbor. BALLOON ASCENSION. At the time of the start, Melville's balloon shot up from the slopes of Punchbowl hill, and very quickly reached an altitude of nearly 2, 000 feet. The aeronaut was seen like a speck clinging to a rope below the balloon, but before many minutes elapsed the huge inflated bag was noticed to be descending rapidly. There was no parachute jump, and the balloon reached the ground in the neighborhood of Kakaako. By this time the five yachts had reached the harbor entrance, and the large quantity of sail that they spread gave a fascinating appearance to these aquatic racers. They kept well together as far as could be seen from the P. M. Co.'s wharf, and were closely followed by the steam tug Eleu, from the deck of which vessel their movements were more easily observed. The names of the five yachts were Healani, Spray, Hawaii, Helene, and Kahihilani. These all started; but the latter, the Kahihilani, did not finish. At the stake boat, opposite the Hon. W. G. Irwin's residence, the following was the order in rounding: Hawaii 1st, Spray 2d, Healani 3d, Helene 4th, Kahihilani 5th. At the Pearl Harbor stake boat the order was Hawaii 1st, Helene 2d, Healani 3d, Spray 4th. At the harbor entrance the order was: Healani 1st, Helene 2d, Hawaii 3d, Spray 4th. The time taken by the yachts was: Healani, 4 hours 8 minutes 32 seconds; Spray, 4 hours 14 minutes 16 seconds; Helene, 4 hours 14 minutes 30 seconds; Hawaii, 4 hours 16 minutes 4 seconds. SECOND-CLASS YACHT RACE. AT 10 a.m. eight small yachts, under 5 tons register, started in the wake of the five larger ones that left the harbor half an hour ago. The spread of canvas was even larger in proportion than on the larger vessels, and the speed of these smaller crafts appeared to be equally rapid. They all kept close together in rounding the reef, which operation was done in very beautiful style. The names of these yachts were Edith L., Kaohinani, Pookii, Laura, Onward, Laura Doone, Park=street, and Pauline. The latter four, Onward, Laura Doone, Park street, and Pauline, did not finish. The time of these yachts was as follows: Edith L., 3 hours 49 seconds: Kaohinani, 3 hours 50 seconds; Pokii, 3 hours 21 minutes 41 seconds; Laura, 3 hours 24 minutes 52 seconds. Judge's decision withheld. F R 94---APP II-------18 274 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. The boat boys' race was rowed at 10:18 a. m. There were four boats that started, but only three came in to finish, as follows: Flying Fish, 14 minutes 2 seconds; Alameda, 14 minutes 4 seconds; Benecia, 14 minutes 10 seconds. The literary exercised took place at 10 o'clock at the opera house. The audience was small, the house being not more than half filled, owing to attractions in other parts of the city; but those who were there were well repaid. Berger's band opened the exercises with a medley of national airs. Prayer was then offered by Rev. George Wallace. His excellency George W. Merrill, American minister resident, made a few introductory remarks appropriate to the day and the occasion. This was the fifth time he has presided on similar occasions, the first having been in 1885. After the singing of the opening hymn, Mr. A. V. Gear read the Declaration of Independence in a clear voice, occupying twelve minutes. This was followed by the choir and audience singing "My country, 'tis of Thee." Mr Merrill then introduced Rev. E. G. Porter, of Lexington, Mass., as the orator of the day, stating that the name was one that bore honorable mention in American history. MR. PORTER'S ADDRESS. Mr. Chairman, fellow-countrymen, ladies and gentlemen: When the invitation of your committee reached me a few days ago I was on the coast of Hawaii, returning from a trip to the volcano. My first thought was to decline the honor, as my time was wholly occupied in studying these islands, but on reaching Honolulu I was assured that I could meet the requirements of the occasion by giving such thoughts concerning our country as might readily occur to me as a traveler. With this understanding I have accepted the position, feeling that my refusal would be a poor return for the many act of kindness extended to me during my visit. We are assembled to commemorate an event in our history which is dear to every American heart-an event to which "the glorious Fourth" has been consecrated as the chief festival in our political calendar. Whoever has spent his boyhood in the States will recall the thrill of excitement with which the great holiday has always been ushered in. I confess I was hardly expecting to find in any foreign country such a demonstration as we had last night and this morning-the sharp and familiar explosives around your houses, revealing the presence of youthful patriots, with unabated zeal, the salute of thirteen guns from the shore battery at sunrise, the display of the national colors on so many private houses, on the shipping in the harbor, and even on the tramcars and carriage buses in the streets. And here in this large opera house we have the inspiring strains of national music and choral song to aid us in worthily celebrating the day. You have also made generous provision for aquatic and field sports which are sure to be in order at this time. We are nominally commemorating the achievements of our country's Independence in 1776, the official declaration of which has just been read. We shall never forget the men who signed that immortal document, nor the results that flowed from it. The nation can never outgrow its early history. It will never be ashamed of its birth. But the present year is suggestive of other events, and we need not dwell now upon the independence which the fathers secured for us, nor even the later conflict upon the question of political union which Webster argued with such eloquence in the Senate, and which President Lincoln maintained when he called the nation to arms. Those great issues are settled-we hope forever-and we can turn our thoughts the more willingly to themes relating to the development of our country in various directions. The speaker then referred to the recent celebration in New York commemorating the inauguration of the first President under the Constitution; to the, Victorian era, which covers a little more than half of the entire century of our national existence; to the character of the nation's founder; to the stability of American political institutions, and to the fact that not a country in Europe is now so firm and prosperous as the American Republic; which was owing in a large measure to the general diffusion of knowledge, which made the people the ruling power. He spoke of the wide distribution of property in America compared with other countries; to the munificent gifts of charity for public libraries, technical schools, colleges, and universities, now amounting to millions annually. Our foreign relations were referred too, and the respect shown by not only European nations, but by those of Asia, China, Japan, Korea, Siam, Hawaii, etc. We are obliged by want of space to abridge this report of a most eloquent address, and give merely an outline of it. The exercises closed with singing two verses of the national hymn, "Star Spangled Banner," followed by the band, which had assisted in the music throughout. At noon a national salute of forty-two guns-one for each State now in the American Union-was fired from the shore battery. 275 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. RECEPTION AT THE LEGATION. His excellency George W, Merrill and Mrs. Merrill received their friends at the legation, 2 till 6 o'clock, yesterday afternoon. During the entire afternoon the rooms were crowded, and many expressed their regrets that they were soon to leave and return to their country, to give place to new representatives of the great Republic. It is not certain how soon Mr. Merrill's successor will arrive, as he had not been named at the latest advices from Washington. _______ [Inclosure 2 in No. 249=Evening Bulletin.] The glorious Fourth-Remarkably eventful holiday-Reports of all the festivities. A finer day, except for some hours of great heat, could not have been desired for the glorious Fourth. Besides the various items of public celebration, many picnic parties went to the seaside or mountains. As full a report as possible of each part of the programme appears below. The American, British, and Chilean war ships were dressed with equal resplendence, the O. S. S. Umatilla was gaily bedecked, and there was a fine display of flags from other shipping and on shore. Salutes of thirteen guns each were fired at sunrise and sunset, and of thirty-eight guns at noon, from the shore battery. THE REGATTA. First race-Six-oared gig race. Sliding seats. Free to all. Prize, $40. Donated by the 4th July celebration committee. Lilioukalani-White and blue, Carl Widemann. Alice M.-Red and white, H. Gunn. Second race-Galley or gig race. Six oars. Stationary seats. Free to all. First prize, $50; second prize, $25; third prize, saves stakes. Donated by the 4th July celebration committee. Chilean Pilcomayo-White caps, Lieut. Espinosa. U. S. S. Alert- Blue, Lieut. Carmody. Kapiolani-Blue caps, Carl Widemann. Puaala- Red, H. B. M. S. Espiegle. Third race-Yacht race. Open to all yachts over 5 tons and not exceeding 10 tons in measurement; provided, however, that this limitation shall not apply to yachts now in Hawaiian waters and that enter for the race this year. Prize, Hawaiian challenge cup and pennant for 1889. Kahihilani, 8.14 tons-White and green, W. Williams. Spray, 6.07 tons-Shamrock white, W. C. Sproull, for owners. Healani-6.29 tons-Hawaiian flag, C. Brown, F. M. Hatch, C. P. Iaukea. Hawaii-6.95 tons-White, W. O. Smith. Helene-12.22 tons-White maltese cross, blue border, W. H. Baird, for owners. Fourth race : Yacht race. Open to all yachts below 5 tons measurement. First prize, $75; 2d prize, $50; 3d prize, $25; donated by the 4th of July committee. Kaohinani, 3.40 tons, white burgee, red letters, W. W. Dimond; Park St , _______tons, white and blue, S. H. Priestly; Laura , 1.75 tons, blue, Hingley and Graham; Pokii , 1.91 tons, blue W in center, W. Williams; Laura Doone ,_______tons, blue, yellow and red. S. B. Dole; Pauline ,_______tons, ___ _______, W. L. Wilcox; Edith L., 11/2 tons,red, Alex. Lyle; Onward, _______tons; blue with M. P. in white, J. A. Magoon. Fifth race: Boat boy's race; opened to all licensed boats. First prize, $10; 2d prize, $5. Dido, White; Flying Fish, American; Benicia, red; Fair Play, yellow; Lita, blue; Alameda, white and blue. The regatta being the first event in celebration of the Fourth, mostly everybody consulted the weather immediately on awakening. The day dawned gloriously calm, and yachtsmen despaired. A few minutes after 8 o'clock the first race came off, being that of six-oared gigs, sliding seats, between the Myrtle club's Alice M. and the Honolulu club's Liliuokalani. Alice M. won easily by 25 seconds; time of winning boat, 25 minutes. Second race: Galley or gig, six oars, stationary seats. A good start was made but the native boat Kapiolani soon took the lead and walked away with the cake. The struggle between the U. S. S. Alert and H. B. M. S. Espiegle boats for second prize was closely contested. The Espiegle boat, Puaala, was in advance of the Alert's to the turning point, where the Alert;s bow oar fouled the stern of the Puaala , but no foul was claimed. Although the Alert's boat lost some space by the collision she afterwards gradually crawled up on the Espiegle boat and passed her. Time of the boats: Kapiolani, 29:10; Alert, 31; Puaala (Espiegle), 31:55, and Pilcomayo, 33. 276 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Third race: Yachts of 5 tons measurement. Entered, Spray, 6.07 tons; Healani, 6.29; Hawaii, 6.95; Kahihilani, 8.14, and Helene, 12.22. A gentle breeze had sprung up, and at the signal to start the Hawaii took a big lead, and, setting all canvas, was away ahead in a short time. The Spray crossed the starting line second, the Kahihilani third, Helene, fourth, and Healani , fifth. The wind, while beating up to Waikiki, was favorable to the smaller boats, being too light for the larger ones. The Kahihilani was the first to make an inshore tack on rounding the bell buoy. The Hawaii rounded the Waikiki stake boat a short distance in advance of the Spray, Healani, and Helene, which three vessels had gained handsomely on the Hawaii. On the run before the wind to Pearl River the Hawaii was considerably in the lead for the greater part of the distance, but when near the stake boat a stiff breeze sprang up and the Helene went ahead. A lull came before the stake boat was reached, however, and the Hawaii, forging a head, turned first. On the beat home the Healani stole a march by tacking away inshore, the Helene also going in considerably, while the Hawaii kept too much to sea. Near the bell buoy, on the return home, the Healani was leading handsomely. The Helene held a good position and weathered the buoy finely. The Spray, although far behind at one time, having gained by her inshore tack, came very near rounding the bell buoy before the Hawaii. While beating up the passage the Healani, which was ahead, became becalmed for a moment on the Ewa side of the passage, and the Helene, picking up a puff on the Waikiki side, carried it along with her and walked in ahead. The Helene crossed the line first, the Healani second, the Hawaii third, and the Spray fourth, very closely. OFFICIAL TIME. Hawaii, start 9:41, return 2:02:57, corrected time 4 hours 16 minutes 4 seconds. Spray, start 9:41:35, return 3:03:22, corrected time 4 hours 14 minutes 16 seconds. Kahihilani, start 9:42:05, out of race. Helene, start 9:43:25, return 1:58:55, corrected time 4 hours 15 minutes 30 seconds. Healani, start 9:44:09, return 2:0:12, corrected time 4 hours 8 minutes 32 seconds. By time allowance the Healani is winner of the race, the Spray comes second, the Helene third and the Hawaii fourth. Fourth race: Yachts below 5 tons measurement, rested between the Kaohinani and Edith L., but has been decided in favor of the Edith L. The time of the Edith L. is 3 hours 49 seconds, and of the Kaohinani 3 hours 50 seconds. Four boats started in the fifth race-of licensed boats-the Flying Fish winning, the Alameda crossing the line 2 seconds later, and taking second prize. LITERARY EXERCISES. The literary exercises were held in the Hawaiian opera house at 10 o'clock, and were very interesting, though not largely attended. Besides those performing the various parts, Prof. M. M. Scott, chairman; Hon. W. F. Allen and Mr. W. W. Hall, members of the committee on literary exercises; and Hon, J. H. Putnam, consul- general, were on the stage; also the choir of the Central Union church and a detachment of the Royal Hawaiian Band, under the lead of Prof. Berger. The band played an overture consisting of a medley of American airs. Rev. George Wallace, chaplain of the day, offered opening prayers. His excellency, George W. Merrill, president, made introductory remarks, He was pleased to be with the Houolulu people once more, this being the fifth time he enjoyed with them the privilege of celebrating the Fourth of July. As the shadows of the nineteenth century deepened around us he wondered how many people outside of America would be glad that the United States had stood for a century under justice to the nation. In a glowing panegyric upon the men who gave them that Constitution he said they avoided the Scylla of disunion at home and repulsed the Charybdis of invasion from abroad. As he thought of it he had not words to express his feelings toward that godlike man Washington. Referring to the advancement of science contemporaneously with the development of the American Republic, the speaker said Boston was nearer London and New Zealand in communications to-day than New York and Albany were to each other a hundred years ago. It was possible that Hawaii might before long be enabled to learn changes in the price of sugar the day they occurred, while now the map of Europe might be changed and they could not learn of it in less than a week. He referred to the Samoan disaster as calling forth the same spirit in their nation's defenders that inspired their forefathers, which enabled them to give three rousing cheers to Britain's sons, when these gave back three cheers for the red, white, and blue and for the men who stood so bravely at their duty. 277 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Mr. A. V. Gear, of Ohio, assistant teacher in Fort street school, was introduced with facetious remarks from the Chair about his State;s officeholding resources, and in clear and measured tones read the Declaration of Independence. "America" was sung by choir and audience to the accompaniment of the band. Rev. E. G. Porter, introduced as coming from Lexington, Mass., where so many of their fathers fought and died, delivered an extempore oration of the day. He had only consented to fill the place on the assurance that no profundity of research or study would be exacted, as he could not think of giving up any considerable portion of his limited stay from the investigation of the points of interest in these delightful islands. He greeted them as fellow countrymen in a foreign land, which was a particularly pleasing privilege to him here, where there were so many evidences of American predominance-the numbers of houses displaying American flags, the juvenile demonstrations similar to their childhood's celebrations of the day, and, above all, the mark American had made in the country's civilization. The Americans had done their moral work here unselfishly, They came not to make money but to benefit the people in the hightest moral sense. That end had been greatly accomplished and those who had done it are gone to their well-earned rest. They were met to celebrate an event second to none. Their country could not have a second birth; therefore he was glad of the establishment of the Fourth of July holiday. He referred with pleasure to the ample provisions made here for the celebration-in these exercises, aquatic and field sports, and so forth. It was well that the nation should perpetually commemorate the movement that led to the framing of that instrument in 1776 which had just been read to them. They had struggles not only to gain their national independence but to preserve the Union. That day of trial should be remembered on the Fourth. The speaker considered that the course of affairs in their country could be viewed, in some respects, with more advantage from Sydney, Calcutta, Hongkong, or Honolulu than from within the country itself. One of the thoughts occurring at this time was that they could never forget the men who gave them their nation-those men who framed the early state papers, gave them a jurisprudence, interpreted the laws they made themselves. This Fourth might be celebrated as the anniversary of their Constitution. The assertion of independence was not the securing of it. They had strife and war to maintain independence. The inauguration of the first President was, perhaps, the beginning of their national life, but that could not take place without important antecedent events. Although the war did not continue thirteen years, their organization was not complete under that period. They had no chief justice, with associates, to declare the purpose of the laws. Chosen men sat for five months, working seven hours a day, to make the Constitution. Samuel Adams, one of these, had been the first man to mention the word "independence," and not one of his fellow-patriots was with him, even Washington opposing him when he had uttered the sentiment in Faneuil Hall. The orator proceeded to eulogize the nation;s founders by name, and described Washington's Journey from the Potomac to receive the honors as President at New York. All the grat men of the day-Governor Clinton, Roger Sherman, Col. Knox, etc., withdrew to a man and owned Washington as the only man for the position. Sketching the career of Washington from childhood, the speaker said he could find no names in history surpassing that of the "Father of his country." "I would not exchange the reputation of Washington for the reputation of any man who ever lived." Mr. Porter dealt eloquently with the stability of American institutions, comparing this with the precarious tenure of existing conditions in certain European countries He spoke of the increasing influence of America in international affairs, notwithstanding that she let other countries surpass her in foreign commerce for the development of boundless resources at home. Reference was made to America's superior general intelligence over that of other countries, to the munificence of her rich men toward higher learning from the foundation of Harvard College in 1636, and to her progress in establishing art and technical schools, The wide distribution of property in America was compared with the land-holding in few hands elsewhere. America's influence as extended by her Christian missions was alluded to, being strikingly, exemplified in Korea, Japan, and Turkey. She sent "kerosene and missionaries" to Turkey; one giving light to the homes, the other to the hearts of the people. America had the torch to give light to the world. In conclusion, he was happy to congratulate them that the country was thriving at home and abroad. Wherever he had seen their flag he had felt at home, whether in foreign harbors or lonely bungalows of India. He was glad to see so many elements of joy in these islands. By striving to follow the examples of Washington and Lincoln, Americans would be a blessing to their own land and to the nations of the earth. Mr. Merrill publicly thanked Mr. Porter for his able address. He added that, owing to events over which he had no control, he might visit America before the next Fourth, 278 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. and he thanked them for their kindly attention to these celebrations, to which his mind would always revert with pleasure. When he again stepped on the shores of America he should always feel proud of her Constitution, whether administered by the powers that sent him here, or that called him home, and forever shout three cheers for the "red, white, and blue," whether it waved victoriously over his party or another one. His excellency concluded with a cordial invitation for everybody to call on Mrs. Merrill and himself at the legation in the afternoon. The singing of "Star Spangled Banner," and band music closed the exercises. TARGET PRACTICE. The eighth semiannual competition of the Hawaiian Rifle Association was held at the King street range. There was a fair attendance, but not so large as on former occasions, owing to the numerous sources of amusement offered elsewhere. The weather was good, although the the light was somewhat changeable. With a few exceptions the shooting was hardly up to the standard of some former meetings of association. It will be seen that Mr. Pratt made an excellent score in the midrange championship match. Mr. Fisher won the Brodie medal for the third and last time. RECEPTION AT THE LEGATION. His Excellency George W. Merrill, United States minister resident, and Mrs. Merrill were at home from 2 to 5 o'clock in the afternoon. There was a large number of callers, who were received with great cordiality by the popular host and hostess. Decorations of the legation were charming, and an elegant line of refreshments was served. Below will be found a list of visitors as nearly as possible correct: A. Mons. G. B. d'Anglade, French commissioner; Hon. Taro Audo, Japanese consul-general; Mr. and Mrs. W. O. Atwater, Hon. W. D. Alexander, His Excellency Jona. Austin, minister of foreign affairs; Miss Millie Austin, Col. V. V. Ashford. B. Brother Bertram, St. Louis College; C. O. Berger, Mons. Bellaguet, chancellor French legation; Rev. E. G. Beckwith, D. D., Rev. and Mrs. S. E. Bishop, Lieut. Bechler, U. S. Navy; E. Faxon Bishop, H. Berger, Mrs. A. E. Broad, Rev. H. Bingham. C. Capt. Clarke, H. B. M. S. Espiegle; His Excellency H. A. P. Carter, Hawaiian minister to Washington; Misses Carter (2); Mr. and Mrs. J. O. Carter, Miss Mary Carter, Sadie Carter, Hon. A. S. Cleghorn, Miss Corney, Senhor A. de Souza Canavarro, Portuguese commissioner; Mrs. R. J. Creighton, Miss Creighton, Master Henry Cushman Carter, Cushman Carter, Mr. Conn. D. Mrs. S. M. Damon, Mrs. Dudoit, Miss Dudoit, Mrs. John Dyer, B. F. Dillingham, Mrs. Demming. E. Miss Elliott, Mrs. Everett, Mrs. M. M. Evans. F. Mrs. A. Fuller, Clara Fuller, Brother Francis, St. Louis College; Justice and Mrs. William Foster. G. Maj. and Mrs. C. T. Gulick, Lieut. Greene, U. S. Navy; Miss Gay (Kauai), Rev. H. H. Gowen, Commander James G. Green, U. S. S. Alert;; H. F. Glade, German consul. H. A. S. Hartwell, J. F. Hackfeld, Russian consul; J. A. Hopper, Mr. and Mrs. Heydtmann, Mrs. Haalelea, Rev. C. M. Hyde, D. D. J. Hon. A. F. Judd, chief justice; P. C. Jones, Mr. and Mrs. Hamilton Johnson. K. Absolom Kirby, chief engineer, U. S. Navy; Mrs. Knowles, Goo Kim, Chinese commercial agent; Ensign Knapp, U. S. Navy; Prince David Kawananakoa. L. Curtis J. Lyons, Mrs. Langry, Daniel Logan, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Lewers, W. H. Lewers, Miss Lewers, Dr. Lundy, Father Loenor, H. Lose, acting consul for Sweden and Norway, and Mrs. Lose. M. Liet. Moore, U. S. Navy; Capt. H. W. Mist, R. N., and Miss Mist, Rev. and Mrs. A. Mackintosh, Surgeon Marsteller, U. S. Navy; Dr. John S. McGrew, Miss Messrole, M. D. Monsarrat, Mrs. H. R. Macfarlane. N. Hon. Paul Neumann, Gus Neth. P. Hon. J. H. Putnam, U. S. consul=general; Liet. Pritchard, H. B. M. S. Espiegle; Mrs. E. W. Peterson, Miss Payson, Miss Pecalta, J. H. Paty, consul for The Netherlands; Mrs. Pinney, Rev. E. G. Porter (Lexington, Mass.). R. George J. Ross, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson (Kauai), Dr. and Mrs. C. T. Rodgers, J. W. Robertson, H. M.'s Acting Chamberlain, Miss Ritchie. S. T. M. Starkey, Mr. Shields (Denver, Colo.), Prof. and Mrs. M. M> Scott, Maj. Seward, Paymaster Sullivan, U. S. Navy; F. A. Schaefer, Italian consul, and Mrs. Schaefer, O. C. Swain, Cadet Stafford, U. S. S. Adams. T. Mr. and Mrs. H. P. Toler. V. Capt. Valenzuela, Chilean warship Pilcomayo. W. Maj. J. H. Wodehouse, H. B. M.'s commissioner, and the Misses Wodehouse (2), Rev. G. Wallace, Hon. and Mrs. W. C. Wilder, Hon. H. A. Widemann, the Misses 279 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Winter (2), Commander Woodward, U. S. S. Adams; C. M. White, Hon. H. M. Whitney, Cadet Wiley, U. S. Navy; Mrs. Widdifield, Master Clifford White, Dr. and Mrs. J. M. Whitney, Bishop and Mrs. Willis. GAMES AT MAKIKI. It was difficult to get the prize sports through at Makiki, owing to the crowding in of people on the competitors. The 50-yards race was won by G. Rosa, and W. Kaae second. The 100-yards race was reversed, Kaae being first and Rosa second, and the 150-yards race went likewise. Luahiwa made the best standing jump,.Kaina second. Kaina won in the three jumps, Luahiwa second. Edwin won the sack race, John Pihi second. A sailor caught the greased pig but let a native have it. Running the bases was declared off at the desire of ball players. In a saddle pull between two horses, that ridden by John Keimi beat one ridden by Wm. Holt. The baseball match between the Honolulu and the Stars afforded the most amusement to the largest crowd, probably, of any match ever played on that diamond. Some estimates of the number of spectators are as high as 3,000. There was some of the worst and some of the play of the season. Eleven innings were played, ending in a dispute. Honolulu made 4 runs in the first inning, 5 in the second, 1 in the eighth, and 1 in the ninth, 11 altogether. The Stars made 1 in first, 1 in second, 2 in fifth, 5 in sixth, making 9, even with Honolulu, 2 in seventh, 11 altogether. At the end of the eleventh inning, two being out, Winter made three strikes and ran the end of the eleventh inning, two being out, Winter made three strikes and ran for base. Chan Wilder, seeing the catcher muff the ball ran for home and passed the plate before Winter was put out at first. The Stars claimed Wilder's run and the game, which Umpire Boardman would not allow. After half an hour's disputing the game, the matter was left to the league, and if the decision be against the Stars the match will be declared a draw. THE EVENING. In the evening the U. S. S. Alert replaced her flags in ship dress with lanterns, illuminated all the window ports, and made a display of fireworks. It made one of the grandest sights ever seen in the harbor. A grand ball was given in the Hawaiian Hotel under the auspices of the subcommittee for that purpose. It was a very brilliant event, being attended by hundreds of residents and officers from the American, British, and Chilean warships. The rooms were beautifully decorated with flags, flowers, and foliage by the hands of Mrs. G. E. Boardman, assisted by Mrs. Ables, Mrs. Hebbard, Miss Afong, and Miss Katie Rose. The floor manager was Mr. E. F. Bishop, and committee were Maj. J. F. Hebbard, Messrs. F. E. Nichols, F. L. Winter, and T. F. Lansing. Dancing went on simultaneously in the dining room and parlor, at opposite ends of the house, a detachment of the Royal Band under Prof. Berger playing the music on the veranda. A splendid bill of refreshments was served and the ball broke up in the early hours of morning. A very pleasant dancing party was given at the Arion Hall under the management of Messrs. C. J. Lane, D. W. Roach, and A. Brown, a committee appointed by a meeting of some who were dissatisfied with the arrangements of the general meeting for the Fourth. Music was furnished on the piano and by members of the Royal Band , and an elegant repast, including fine coffee, was served on the back veranda. There was a large party who enjoyed themselves intensely till after midnight. THE BALLOON ASCENSION. Prof. Melville went up in his balloon shortly before 10 o'clock. The balloon took fire before he was ready, and he gave orders to let it go. Away up it shot with the aeronaut hanging from it with hands and legs to a small rope, having neither trapeze nor parachute on the balloon. While thousands of eyes were watching from earth to see the parachute leap the balloon began a rapid descent and in a few seconds it lodged in a tree at Kakaako. Melville jumped about 20 feet to avoid the tree and landed without hurt in a swamp. The balloon was rent in four pieces but the professor says it can be stitched together again, and he intends going to the other islands to make ascensions. He claims to have gone to a height of 2,000 feet. 280 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Mr. Stevens to Mr. Blaine. No. 1.] AUGUSTA, ME., July 12, 1889. SIR: Under the date of June 24 last, I had the honor to receive from the Secretary of State the official information that the President had appointed me United States minister resident to the Hawaiian Islands, inclosing therewith the necessary blank for me to take the oath of office, with the instruction to return the same to the Department of State. On the reception of that communication I immediately complied with its directions by taking the oath of office before Judge Andrews of this city, and made the proper return to the Department of State. I now beg leave to say that I am making all the necessary preparations to leave Augusta with my family for my post at Honolulu about August 22, hoping to take the steamer which is to leave San Francisco September 13 for Honolulu. Presuming that my commission and instructions will soon reach me, I have the honor to be, sir, etc., JOHN. L. STEVENS. _______ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 253.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, July 26, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that, on the 15th instant, I received confidential information to the effect that a few half-caste native Hawaiians were organizing a scheme whereby they contemplated deposing His Majesty the King, installing his sister, Her Royal Highness the Princess Liliuokalani, in his place, and proclaiming a new constitution. On the following day, in an interview with His Majesty's minister of foreign affairs, I learned that he had recently heard similar disquieting rumors, and further that the contemplated change was to be attempted after the departure of the U. S. S. Adams, which was then intending leaving forthwith for Samoa, and before the return to this port of H. B. M.'s S. Espiegle, then on a ten days' cruise among the islands. While the minster of foreign affairs did not place much credence in such a change being attempted, and expressed a confidence in the ability of the regular authorities of the kingdom to defeat any such attempt, yet he thought if the Adams would remain until the return of the Espiegle, so as not to leave the harbor without a naval vessel, the probability of any riotous action would be greatly reduced. I informed him that if he would make a written request in regard to the matter, I would communicate the same to the commander of the Adams and ask him if possible to remain a few days. Accordingly, on the 17th instant, I received an unofficial note from the minister of foreign affairs, a copy of which I at once transmitted to the commander of the Adams, accompanied by one from myself. Copies of the correspondence I inclose herewith. Commander Woodward, of the Adams. being also detained on account of the sickness of his surgeon, determined to defer his departure, and on the 23d instant H. B. M.'s S. Espiegle returned to port. 281 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. No disturbance, however, has occurred, nor does it now appear that there is a probability of any in the immediate future. Although this place is very prolific in political rumors, yet I have never deemed it advisable to ignore them as without possible foundation, believing it better to be deceived by discovering their falsity than their truth. In this instance I have quietly investigated the matter and am led to conclude that the disquieting reports arose in a large degree from a desire on the part of the leaders of the opposition to the present administration to excite and annoy, if possible, the leaders of the reform party and the official incumbents. Doubtless these disquieting reports will become more frequent, while political excitement will increase and animosities be engendered in a greater or less degree, until after the election for members of the legislature in February next. I am, etc., GEO. W. MERRILL. ______ [Inclosure No. 1.] Mr. Austin to Mr. Merrill. Unofficial. DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS, Honolulu, July 17, 1889. MY DEAR MR. MERRILL: In view of the fact that there are rumors of intention on the part of certain individuals to create disturbances if the harbor should be left without the presence of a warship, and of the fact that the U. S. S. Adams, the only one now here, is under orders to proceed to Samoa, I suggest that if her departure could be delayed until the return of H. B. M. 's Espiegle, or until some other naval vessel shall arrive, the probability of riotous action would be greatly reduced. The passive presence of a man of war in the harbor is sure to have a quieting influence, and I trust that you will feel that it is best that there be no interval without one. Very truly, yours, JONA.. AUSTIN. ________ [Inclosure No. 2.] Mr. Merrill to Mr. Woodward. LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, July 17, 1889. SIR: I inclose copy of an unofficial note, just at hand from Mr. Austin, His Hawaiian Majesty's minister of foreign affairs, respecting rumors of disturbance in Honolulu and the advisability of the presence of a naval vessel in the harbor at the present time. If possible to comply with the request of Mr. Austin, I hope you may deem it advisable to delay your Contemplated departure for a few days at least. Very respectfully, GEO. W. MERRILL. Commander E. T. WOODWARD, Commanding U. S. S. Adams, Honolulu. 282 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 254.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, July 29, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inform you that on the 22d instant His Majesty, the King, appointed Hon. Samuel M. Damon minister of finance, vice Hon. William L. Green, resigned. The resignation of Mr. Green is owing to advanced age and ill health. the United States, and has been connected with the banking house of Bishop & Co., at Honolulu, twenty years or more. The appointment is regarded by all parties here with much favor. I have, etc., GEORGE W. MERRILL. _______ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 255.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, August 1, 1889. SIR: I have the honor to inclose a very full account, from the "Bulletin" of Honolulu, of an attempt made on the 30th ultimo, by about 100 half castes and natives, under the leadership of Robert W. Wilcox and Robert Boyd, two half-caste Hawaiians, to overthrow the present Government of Hawaii and depose the King. This is supposed to be their purpose, although their exact intention is not yet fully known. About 6 o'clock a. m. a message from the King informed me that an armed party, led by Mr. Wilcox, was in possession of the palace grounds, and soon thereafter it was learned that insurgents were in charge of the building containing the Government offices. As soon as possible I had communication with Commander Woodward of the U. S. S. Adams, and at once all necessary preparations were made to land a force, if found necessary for protection of the people and property interests. Soon thereafter I met His Majesty's minister of foreign affairs, who informed me that a cabinet council would be held forthwith. Soon after the news of the affair became generally known, the British, Portuguese, and French commissioners called at the legation, and while comparing information regarding the situation, Mr. Damon, the newly appointed minister of finance, arrived and stated that it was the desire of His Majesty's ministers to meet the foreign representatives at once. It was deemed advisable to comply with this request without delay. On meeting the ministers they stated that they desired to fully inform us of their contemplated action in the present emergency, and that they had determined to occupy the tops of the buildings commanding a view of the palace grounds with sharpshooters, for the purpose of preventing the use of the cannon which were known to be in the possession of the insurgents inside the walls inclosing the palace grounds, gradually surround and finally dislodge them with other forces. After learning the intention of the Government to operate at once with an armed force, I suggested the propriety of Mr. Damon, one of the members of the cabinet who speaks the native language fluently, endeavoring to communicate with Mr. Wilcox, the leader of the insurgents, and ascertain if possible the cause of his action and what his demands were, 283 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. if any; then, if Mr. Damon failed, that the representatives of foreign powers endeavor to obtain an interview with Wilcox, and by their good offices effect a peaceful settlement if possible. This was cordially agreed to by all, and the representatives withdrew with the understanding that Mr. Damon would inform us of the result of his mission. In about one-half hour Mr. Damon reported to me at the legation that Mr. Wilcox refused to receive any communication from him whatever, and that while he was seeking to communicate with him firing commenced; he deemed it not only imprudent, but suicidal for anyone to attempt to approach the palace grounds on a peace mission. At this juncture, as the report of small arms and cannon came from the palace grounds and immediate vicinity quite rapidly, and as many with alarm were coming to the legation, I at once requested Commander Woodward to send to the legation a body of marines, which request he promptly complied with. The appearance of the marines on the streets and at the legation had a very favorable effect on the populace. Soon the report of the large guns ceased by reason of the inability of the insurgents to operate them in the presence of the fire of the sharpshooters on the tops of the surrounding buildings. The "bungalow" mentioned in the newspaper account and into which the insurgents retreated is a frame building situated in the corner of the palace grounds, sometimes used by the King as a dwelling and for offices. The palace square comprises about 4 acres, situate two blocks from the central business part of the city, and is entirely inclosed by a concrete wall about 8 feet high, while the King's palace is situated in the center of the square. In the afternoon, and as soon as I ascertained from one of the cabinet ministers that an attempt would be made to dislodge the insurgents from the "bungalow" before dark by the use of dynamite, and as there were large crowds of people congregated on several streets, I deemed it advisable to ask for the landing of the remainder of the forces from the Adams before dark as a precautionary measure in the event any assistance to preserve order might be required, and to be immediately available in the event a conflagration should start. In this matter Commander Woodward fully agreed, and by permission of the minister of foreign affairs the forces landed about 5 o'clock p. m. Early the following morning all the men belonging to the Adams returned to the ship. The members of the cabinet and many prominent residents expressed much commendation of the prompt landing of the men, and remarked upon the very salutary effect their presence seemed to have among the people on the streets. The U. S. S. Adams was the only naval vessel in port. The British ship Espiegle recently left under sealed orders on a cruise south. This disturbance at this time was wholly unexpected by the Government officials as well as nearly every prominent resident. Although for several weeks it was known that Wilcox was endeavoring to draw around him as many disappointed native political aspirants as possible, yet it was recently ascertained on what seemed very reliable authority that no overt acts would be committed prior to the next general election in February, when it was thought the present ministers would be defeated at the polls. 284 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. However, the success of the Government in subduing the insurgents, it is thought, will draw some to its support, and the general feeling is that the Government will be strengthened by the result of the conflict. Immediately after the surrender of the insurgents the city was quiet and still remains so, while business is being transacted as usual. As to the exact number of the insurgents it si difficult now to determine, as some deserted in the early morning. About 80 prisoners were secured. No serious casualties occured except to the insurgents. In order that you may be promptly informed of the principal facts a week in advance of the regular mail, I will forward by the steamer leaving here to-morrow a telegram, to be wired from San Francisco, of which the following is a copy: On July 30 unsuccessful attempt by about 100 half-castes and natives to overthrow Government and depose King. Insurrection suppressed by Hawaiian Government without foreign aid. Six insurgents killed, 12 wounded. Order restored same day. Men from U. S. S. Adams landed by permission, to protect lives and property if found necessary; afterwards returned to ship. Before sealing this dispatch I shall inclose clippings from newspapers giving latest intelligence, but will be unable to properly paste and arrange them. Trusting my action may merit the approval of the Department, I have the honor, etc., GEO. W. MERRILL. _______ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. [Telegram.] HONOLULU, August 2, 1889. On July 30 unsuccessful attempt by about 100 half-castes and natives to overthrow Government and depose King. Insurrection suppressed by Hawaiian Government without foreign aid. Six insurgents killed, 12 wounded. Order restored same day. Men from U. S. S. Adams landing by permission to protect lives and property if found necessary; afterwards returning to ship. GEO. W. MERRILL. ________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 257.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, August 6, 1889. SIR: Realizing that the Department is desirous of being in posession of the latest information regarding affairs here, and availing myself of an opportunity offered by the departure of a sailing vessel for San Francisco, I have the honor to inform you that on Saturday, the 3d instant, in compliance with a request from the minister of foreign affairs, received on the preceding day, I attended a meeting of His Majesty's ministers at which meeting were also present the British, French, Portuguese, and Japanese commissioners. On assembling, the ministers stated that in a few hours a cabinet council would be held, and that they desired to fully inform us of the propositions they intended submitting and insisting upon to His Majesty the King. 285 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. This information they desired top communicate in order that we might not be misled by false rumors in the event His Majesty declined acceding to their proposed demands. They stated that they were convinced the time had arrived when, in the interest of peace and good government, the powers and responsibility of the minsters and His Majesty should be clearly understood and precisely defined. As the "Advertiser" daily, published here, in its issue of the 5th and 6th instant, authoritatively and correctly states, the demands of the cabinet and the termination of the controversy, I inclose clippings from that paper for the information of the Department. After being informed of the demands, the foreign representatives withdrew. The cabinet met the King at noon of the 3d instant, and soon after the adjournment of the council I was informed that no settlement had been effected. About 5 o'clock p. m. of the same day I was informed His Majesty wished to meet the British commissioner and myself, and at once we held an interview with him, in which he stated as his opinion that until the supreme court decided otherwise he had a constitutional right to exercise his discretion and withhold his approval of any of the acts embraced in the demands presented by his ministers; but, in reply to my question, he distinctly stated he would be governed by whatever decision the judges of the supreme court might make. This gave confidence that a final and favorable termination could be reached. On Monday, the 5th instant, it became known that His Majesty was to meet his ministers at noon when the opinion of the judges would be presented. I, having previously learned the tenor of the opinion, did not have doubts about the amicable settlement of the matter, but as the news of the difference between His Majesty and the cabinet spread, a feeling of unrest, aggravated by many false rumors, pervaded the community, and, at the request of a prominent American resident here, I, in company with the British commissioner who chanced to be at the legation, after first stating our purpose to and obtaining the consent and cordial approval of the ministers, proceeded to the palace for the purpose of interviewing the King before he met the ministers in council. His Majesty received us with much cordiality, and, upon his reference to the disagreement between himself and cabinet, I embraced the opportunity to assure him that the people felt great interest and much anxiety regarding the settlement of the matter, and it was hoped an amicable and honorable settlement of the controversy would be effected, which was certain to restore permanent confidence among the people. Similar views were expressed by the British commissioner. His Majesty at once assured us he had decided to yield the points and consent to the requests of his ministers. At the present time appearances indicate a cessation of disquietude. Since my No. 255 of the 1st instant, a report has gained credence that the object of the leaders of the insurrection was not so much for the purpose of dethroning the King as to obtain from him the promulgation of a new constitution and the dismissal of the present ministry. However, the purpose of the insurgents and all the parties, directly and indirectly, connected with the insurrection are not yet know, but the whole affair is being investigated,. and probably I may be able to inform the Department more fully by the next regular mail. I have, etc., GEO. W. MERRILL. 286 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. [Inclosure 1 in No. 257. Advertiser, August 5, 1889.] THE KING AND THE CABINET. Numbers of exaggerated reports have been circulating through the city concerning the relations existing between the king and the cabinet. We are authorized to state that the following are the main points at issue: The King claims the right of exercising his personal discretion in executive matters coming before him and required=g his signature or act, while the cabinet claim that he has no such right, but is constitutionally bound to take the advice of the cabinet. The King has acted upon his claim in a number of cases, the particular one which has brought the question to issue being his refusal to sign the commission of Col. V. V. Ashford as colonel of the Hawaiian Volunteers. Mr. Ashford was elected to this office some months ago, but the King has continuously refused and still refuses to sign the commission, although advised then and now by the cabinet that it was his duty so to do. The King also claims that he has the control of the military and munitions of war belonging to the Government, and refuses to recognize the authority of the minister of foreign affairs relative to the disposition of certain munitions of war stored at the barracks, although the statute gives such minister the express control of the same. Under these circumstances the cabinet felt the necessity of settling this question before going further, and accordingly submitted the following proposition to His Majesty on Saturday last: "Before going further, the cabinet desire a thorough understanding with Your Majesty upon the following point, viz: The Government in all its departments must be conducted by the cabinet, who will be solely and absolutely responsible for such conduct. Your Majesty shall in future sign all documents and do all acts which, under the laws or the constitution, require the signature or act of the Sovereign, when advised so to do by the cabinet, the cabinet being solely and absolutely responsible for any signature of any document or act so done or performed by their advice." The King declined to assent to this proposition, unless advised by the supreme court that it was in accordance with the constitution, he claiming that it was unconstitutional. The cabinet have submitted the question to the supreme court for an opinion, and an answer will probably be received and made public to-day. _______ [Inclosure 2 in No. 257, Advertiser, August 6, 1889.] The King conforms. He concedes all the points asked for by the Government upon learning that the supreme court had decided against the stand he had taken. As was stated in the Advertiser yesterday, the King had refused to sign the commission of Col. V. V. Ashford, as commander of the Hawaiian Volunteers, although advised by the cabinet so to do. He also disputed the authority of the minister of foreign affairs to dispose of arms and ammunition then in charge of the corps known as the "King;s Guard." His Majesty has now receded from the position above stated, and the following documents explain how the change came about: HONOLULA, H. I., August 3, 1889. Hon. A. FRANCIS JUDD, Chief Justice Supreme Court: SIR: The cabinet desire to submit for your consideration the following statement of facts, and respectfully request the opinion of the supreme court upon the question hereinbelow stated: STATEMENT OF FACTS. His Majesty the King claims the right to exercise his personal discretion in and concerning the performance of official executive duties of the Sovereign, such as making appointments requiring the royal signature; appointment and removal of diplomatic and consular officers accredited by the Hawaiian Government abroad; the acknowledgment of foreign diplomatic and consular representatives from abroad to the Hawaiian Kingdom; the authority over and control of the military forces and munitions of war belonging to the Hawaiian Government, etc. 287 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. His assertion of and action in pursuance with this claim has now come to such a point that the orderly progress of the business of the Government is seriously interfered with and the preervation of the public peace menaced. Under these circumstances the cabinet this day formulated and presented to His Majesty the following statement of principles, viz: "Before going further, the cabinet desire a through understanding with Your Majesty upon the following point, viz: The Government in all its department s must be conducted by the cabinet, who will be solely and absolutely responsible for such conduct. Your Majesty shall in future sign all documents and do all acts which under the laws or the constitution require the signature or act of the Sovereign, when advised so to do by the cabinet, the cabinet being solely and absolutely responsible for any signature of any document or act so done or performed by their advice.: The cabinet advised His Majesty that such statement of principles is in accordance with the constitution and that it was his duty to assent thereto. In reply to such advice by the cabinet His Majesty replied that he considered the request to consent to such statement of principles as uncalled for and insulting, and declined to assent thereto. The cabinet, therefore, respectfully request the opinion of the supreme court upon the following question, viz: Is the authority and responsibility of the cabinet, as set forth in the above statement of principles, in accordance with and in pursuance of the constitution or not? L. A. THURSTON, Minister Interior. JONA. AUSTIN, Minister Foreign Affairs. S. M. DAMON, Minister of Finance. C.W. ASHFORD, Attorney General. _____ DEPARTMENT OF THE JUDICIARY, Honolulu, August 3, 1889. To His Majesty's Cabinet: GENTLEMEN: The justices of the supreme court have received your letter of today's date. in which you state certain circumstances under which you to-day formulated and presented to His Majesty the following statement of principles: "Before going further the cabinet desire a thorough understanding with Your Majesty upon the following point, viz: "The Government, in all its departments, must be conducted by the cabinet, who will be solely and absolutely responsible for such conduct. "Your Majesty shall in future sign all documents and do all acts which, under the laws or the constitution, require the signature or act of the Sovereign, when advised so to do by the cabinet, the cabinet being solely and absolutely responsible for any signature of any document or act so done or performed by their advice." You further state that you advised His Majesty that such statement of principle is in accordance with the constitution, and that it was his duty to assent thereto. You request the opinion of the justices of the supreme court upon the following question, viz: "Is the authority and responsibility of the cabinet, as set forth in the above statement of principles, in accordance with the in pursuance of the constitution or not?" We respectfully submit the following reply: By article 21 of the constitution "the Government of this Kingdom is that of a constitutional monarchy.,: and although the constitution devolves upon the King, as the head of the Government, certain powers and directs that certain acts shall be done by him, so far certainly as these are executive powers and acts, the exercise of them is controlled by article 78 of the constitution, which reads that :wherever by this constitution any act is to be dome or performed by the King or Sovereign, it shall, unless otherwise expressed, mean that such act shall be done and performed by and with the advice and consent of the cabinet.: Article 31 of the constitution declares that the King;s person is sacred and inviolable and that his ministers are responsible, and article 41 prescribes that "no act of the King shall have any effect unless it be countersigned by a member of the cabinet who, by that signature, makes himself responsible.: There can be no dual government. There can be no authority without responsibility. The King is without responsibility. The constitution confirms the respon- 288 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. sibility of government upon the cabinet; they, therefore, have the authority. With this in view, we are unanimously of opinion that the principles formulated by you and presented to His Majesty, above set forth, are in accordance with and in pursuance of the constitution. We wish to say, further, that on the occasion of His Majesty's considering the propriety of his approval of an act of the legislature of 1887 (which is now chap. 25 of the acts of 1887) the justices of the supreme court, at his request, sent him an opinion upon the proposed act. Its title is "an act to provide for and declare the construction to be placed upon the words 'the king' or 'the sovereign' in certain cases." The opinion was as follows: "We see no conflict of this act with article 16 or 48 of the constitution. This act is consistent with article 78 of the constitution, the principle of which is hereby applied in terms to statutes also. "And we understand that it has always been the true intent of statutes that the sets of the King are done upon the responsibility of his cabinet unless it appears from express words or by the very nature of the case that the act is of a personal character.:" We remain yours, respectfully, A.F. JUDD, LAURENCE McCULLY, EDWARD PRESTON, RICHD. F. BICKERTON, SANFORD B. DOLE. At 12 o'clock Monday, August 5, the cabinet met His Majesty at the palace and submitted to him the opinion of the supreme court, and again requested his assent to the principle involved. His Majesty replied that he accepted the decision of the court, and assented to the proposition submitted by the cabinet, and requested that his assent be entered on the minutes of the council. Upon presentation of the commission of Col. Ashford for signature, His Majesty stated that since last Saturday he had reread the military law and was convinced that the position taken by him was incorrect. He therefore signed the commission. In pursuance of the power given to the minister of foreign affairs he has, with the consent of the cabinet, removed Capt. Kahalewai, commander of the King's Guards, for complicity in the late insurrection, the command thereby devolving upon Lieut. Robert Parker. Orders were issued for the immediate transfer of all arms, ammunition, and munitions of war, except those arms and ammunition individually in use by the King;s Guards, from the palace and barracks to the station house. These orders were carried out by the marshal yesterday afternoon, with the assistance of the police and special officers; and among other material transferred were three beautiful brass fieldpieces of 3=inch bore, ordered by the King from Austria. His Majesty has now conformed to the provisions of the constitution in the matters above related; and the anxiety manifested before he did so is now allayed and confidence in future peace restored. _________ Mr. Moore to Mr. Merrill. No. 136.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, August 12, 1889. SIR: I have to acknowledge the receipt of your telegram of the 2d instant, touching an attempt made on the 30th of July last, to subvert the existing Government of the Hawaiian Islands and the landing of men from the U. S. S. Adams to protect lives and property. I transmit for your files a copy* of the telegram as deciphered and have to express the satisfaction of the Government that the insurrection was suppressed with no greater losses than you report. I am, etc., J. B. MOORE, Acting Secretary. _____________________________________________________________ ________ * See under date of August 2. 289 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Mr. Wharton to Mr. Merrill. No. 137.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, August 22, 1889. SIR; I have to acknowledge the receipt of your Nos. 243-256. I am, etc., WILLIAM F. WHARTON, Acting Secretary. __________ Mr. Wharton to Mr. Merrill. No. 138.] DEPARTMENT OF STATE, Washington, August 23, 1889. SIR; I have to acknowledge the receipt of your No. 255 of the 1st instant, relative to the attempt of July 30 last, to overthrow the Hawaiian Government. The steps taken by the legation to protect the lives and property of our citizens at Honolulu, in that emergency, seem to have proved effectual. A copy of your dispatch will be sent to the Navy Department. I am, etc., WILLIAM F. WHARTON, Acting Secretary. ___________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 260.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES. Honolulu, August 29, 1889. SIR: Referring to political affairs I have the honor to inform you that, since the episode of the 30th ultimo and the judicially defined power of the King and cabinet, referred to in my No. 257 of the 6th instant, peace has prevailed and the people have pursued their usual avocations undisturbed by disquieting rumors. At the present time sixty-four persons have been arrested in connection with the insurrection, variously charged with treason and conspiracy. The trial of the insurgents will occur at the regular term of the court in October next. I have, etc., GEO. W. MERRILL. _________ Mr. Merrill to Mr. Blaine. No. 262.] LEGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, Honolulu, September 7, 1889. SIR; Referring to the disturbance of July last, it now appears that among the influences operating to induce the native Hawaiians to attempt such a scheme was the fact that their minds had become F R 94--APP II----19 290 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. imbued with the belief that the foreign residents and the cabinet were in league for the purpose of destroying the autonomy of the kingdom, and this feeling was augmented by letters of indiscreet correspondents, published in the United States, advising the interference of our Government agents to influence the current of Hawaiian political affairs, which were freely quoted and harshly commented upon by the newspapers published here in the native language. The native, in his simplicity, readily accepted these quotations and statements of the press as true and foreboding the loss of the independence of their country. There also existed a feeling among many Hawaiians that they were not the recipients of a fair share of the official patronage under the present administration, and that a change of cabinet ministers ought to occur. Relying upon the result of the revolution in 1887, it was believed that the only thing required to effect the change desired was to surround the Government building with an armed guard, take possession of the palace and the King, make a show of force, compel the promulgation of a new constitution, demand the resignation of the present members of the cabinet and the appointment of others. In other words, it is asserted by the insurgents that the revolution attempted in July last was intended to be as peaceful and harmless to persons and property as that of June, 1887. To the native mind generally it is difficult to distinguish any difference of rights in the premises or of the principles on which the two movements were based. It is also noticeable that among the American residents here there are several who, from personal motives, contemplate with satisfaction periodical disquietude in this kingdom, hoping that frequent revolutionary epochs will force the United States Government to make this group a part of its territory, and to absorb into its body politic this heterogeneous population of 80,000, consisting of Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, native Hawaiians, half=castes, and only about 5,000 of those who may be properly denominated the white race. In order to keep affairs in as much turmoil as possible baseless rumors are constantly put in circulation, many of which find publication in other countries. The latest agitation is one against the increase of Chinese, and a movement is now being made to call the legislature in extra session for the purpose of submitting a constitutional amendment on the subject to the people at the election in February next. It is feared if such a question is submitted to the people as a ministerial measure, that the foreign residents representing the mechanical and planting interests of Hawaii will be divided, while the native Hawaiians will be Government. For this reason many among those inclined to favor Chinese restriction oppose the calling of the legislature, fearing the defeat of the reform party as a consequence. I have, etc., GEORGE W. MERRILL. 291 HAWAIIAN ISLANDS.